Abstract: During the blasting excavation process of the up and down cross tunnels, it is a key issue to ensure the safety of the excavated tunnel under blasting load. Based on the tunnel engineering of Badaling Great Wall station, the blasting vibration monitoring with the blasting excavation of the main tunnel in the entrance layer was carried out, and the vibration velocity distribution law of each monitoring point was obtained when the excavation section was close to or far from the monitoring point. The frequency spectrum analysis was performed to obtain the energy distribution in different frequency ranges and the instantaneous energy at different times. The LS-DYNA program was used to establish the finite element model of the up and down cross tunnels. The velocity time history curves and effective stress time history curves of each monitoring unit were extracted. The results show that the vibration velocity distribution law of each unit was consistent with the measured vibration velocity distribution law. The effective stress value of each unit was less than the tensile yield strength of the rock mass, and the tunnel rock mass was not damaged. Combined with the numerical calculation results, the critical vibration velocity of particles was determined to ensure the safety of the excavated tunnel according to the effective stress criterion, which provides a theoretical basis for the blasting disturbance control of the lower tunnel by the upper tunnel excavation.