Abstract: In this paper, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method was used to study the damage characteristics of the cabin structure under underwater near-field explosion and underwater contact explosion. The method was firstly used to simulate the peak value of the shock wave generated by the TNT explosive in underwater explosion, and the simulated value obtained by the simulation was compared with the calculated value of the empirical formula to verify the effectiveness of the method. Then the method was used to verify the underwater contact explosion experiment of the plate, and the simulation results were compared with the experimental results to further verify the effectiveness of the ALE method. Finally, the ALE method was used to simulate the submarine near-field explosion and underwater contact explosion of different structural types. The damage characteristics of different structural types of subdivisions under different working conditions were studied.