Abstract: An algorithm for estimating the adhesion coefficient of road surface was proposed by building vehicle multi-body dynamic model. The road identification module, the braking module and brake pressure module of anti-lock braking system (ABS)were built in MATLAB/Simulink. And the braking performance of the vehicle was simulated and verified based on the adaptive control strategy. The hardware in the loop test was carried out on a triaxial automobile chassis test platform. The results show that, the vehicle braking distance with road recognition of ABS control system is shorter than that without road recognition of ABS control system. This system shows better adaptability and control precision.