Abstract: A explosive shock experiment on 2024-T3 circular aluminum alloy plate subjected to near field explosion was conducted. Calculations and numerical simulations were implemented with Henrych empirical formula and finite element method, respectively. Shock wave overpressure under near field explosion was compared. Dynamic response characteristics and deformation failure modes of circular aluminum alloy plate were studied, and influences of charge weights and stand-off distances were analyzed. The results showed that under the influence of the impact load, with the increasing of loads, that is, with the increase of charge weight and the decrease of stand-off distance and scaled distance, three kinds of deformation and failure modes of fully clamped circular aluminum alloy plate were exhibited in the following ways:plastic deformation, rupture (tensile failure) with broken hole in the center and rupture with broken hole and fracture of the plate; the plastic deformation first occurred at the fixed boundary of the plate, and then rapidly extended to the central area of the plate; with the increase of stand-off distances, the amplitude of the midpoint displacement of the plate without failure increased in the balance position under the same charge weight. With the decrease of scaled distances, the broken hole size of the plate with rupture in the center gradually increased, and the bulge degree of the plate with tearing in the boundary gradually declined.