炸药单耗对台阶抛掷爆破效果的影响研究

Study on the Bench Cast-Blasting Effects Influenced by Explosive Specific Charge

  • 摘要: 为研究炸药单耗的改变对台阶爆破抛掷效果的影响,以相似理论为基础,利用量纲分析法推导出了台阶模型试验应遵循的相似准则,在试验场采用一定配比的水泥砂浆制作了5个单排孔台阶模型,统计了爆破后的最远抛掷距离和有效抛掷率.模型试验结果表明:爆堆前部碎块主要来源于台阶模型中层,最远抛掷距离和有效抛掷率随炸药单耗的增加而增大,但增大的趋势逐渐变缓;当<i<q</i<<0.51 kg/m<sup<3</sup<时,有效抛掷率可以达到40%以上;当0.51 kg/m<sup<3</sup< < <i<q</i< < 0.63 kg/m<sup<3</sup<时,抛掷率随单耗增大而增加,且增加幅度明显;当<i<q</i<<0.63 kg/m<sup<3</sup<时,抛掷率随单耗增大而增加的速率变小.

     

    Abstract: To research the influence of explosive specific charge change on bench blasting throwing results, a similarity criteria was deduced with dimension analysis method for the bench model test based on similarity theory. Five bench models with single-row hole were prepared in a test field using cement mortar in a certain proportion. Based on these bench models, the longest throwing distance and the effective throwout rate were got from explosion experiment. The results show that, anterior fragments of blast heap are mainly derived from the middle layer of bench model. With the increase of explosive specific charge, both throwing distance and throwout rate increase accordingly and gradually tended to be stable; when <i<q</i<<0.51 kg/m<sup<3</sup<, the cast percentage can reach more than 40%; as 0.51 kg/m<sup<3</sup< < <i<q</i< < 0.63 kg/m<sup<3</sup<, the cast percentage increases with explosive specific charge, and with a significant increasing rate; when <i<q</i<<0.63 kg/m<sup<3</sup<, the cast percentage increases with explosive specific charge, but with a smaller increasing rate.

     

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