球形装药受限空间内爆冲击波的快速计算方法

A Rapid Calculation Method for Shock Waves of Spherical Explosives Detonating in Confined Space

  • 摘要: 为建立球形装药在受限空间内爆冲击波的快速计算模型,将冲击波波形简化为三角波,利用镜像爆源法与LAMB叠加原理,将壁面反射等效为原爆源与镜像爆源对观测点的线性叠加,推导获得观测点处的复合超压时程。通过与数值模拟结果对比,验证了该方法的可靠性,计算偏差低于15.92%,计算时间减少91.5%。进一步应用该方法研究不同长宽比下球形装药在受限空间内爆对两面角隅及三面角隅超压峰值的影响。结果表明:冲击波超压峰值随距原爆源距离增加而衰减且趋于平缓;角隅处冲击波叠加随长宽比增大而增强,高压区域范围逐渐扩大;当长宽比大于1.3时,三面角隅处峰值超过两面角隅处及正反射区域。基于上述规律,可为受限空间的尺寸设计提供理论参考依据。

     

    Abstract: To establish a rapid calculation model for the shock wave of spherical charges in confined space, the shock wave waveform was simplified as a triangular wave. By using the mirror-source method and the LAMB superposition principle, the wall reflection was equivalently represented as the linear superposition of the original and the mirror image explosion sources at the observation point, from which the composite overpressure time history at the observation point was derived. The reliability of this method was verified through comparison with numerical simulation results, with a calculation error of less than 15.92% and a reduction in calculation time of 91.5%. Further, this method was applied to study the influence of different aspect ratios on the peak overpressure at the two-sided corner and three-sided corner of spherical charges in confined space. The results show that the peak overpressure of the shock wave decreases with the increase of the distance from the original explosion source and tends to be stable; the shock wave superposition at the corner increases with the increase of the aspect ratio, and the high-pressure area expands. When the aspect ratio is greater than 1.3, the peak at the three-sided corner exceeds that at the two-sided corner and the direct reflection area. Based on the above rules, this research can provide theoretical reference for the size design of confined spaces.

     

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