China-EU Climate Cooperation in the Context of Carbon NeutralityA Case Study of Green and Low-carbon S&T Cooperation between China and the Nordic Countries

Achieving carbon neutrality requires scientific and technological support, which requires active global cooperation in green and low-carbon science and technology. As important participants and leaders, China-EU science and technology cooperation is of great value to global climate governance. Based on the theoretical framework of international cooperation, this study adopts the method of case study and process tracing, and selects Denmark, Finland and Sweden as the main cooperation objects. On the one hand, the three countries are actively shaping the image of the EU as a leader in global climate politics, playing an important role in the EU’s green transformation, and reflecting the EU’s trends. On the other hand, the cooperation between the three countries and China in green and low-carbon science and technology has a long history and nice results. This study finds out that the three countries have different motivations and preferences for climate cooperation with China. Specifically, Denmark focus on green energy transition cooperation with China; Sweden focus on cooperation with China in the fields of renewable energy, environmental protection and sustainable development; Finland, pays more attention to cooperation in clean technology and circular economy with China. In this context, strengthening cooperation between China and the three Nordic countries will help raise the overall level of China- EU climate cooperation, consolidate the cooperation foundation of green and low-carbon technologies and industrial chains, enhance China-EU trust, and jointly promote the international climate process.