The Total Factor S&T Innovation Efficiency: Evidence from the Universities in the Double World-class Plan

The DEA-Malmquist index approach was employed to evaluate the total factor science and technology(S&T) innovation resource allocation efficiency (S&TIE)of 31 universities affiliated to Ministry of Education of China in the Double World-class Plan based on the data during 2011-2015. The results indicated that, first, among the 31 universities under evaluation, one-third of them still had an Malmquist index lower than one, which caused the average Malmquist index value of all universities to be lower than one(0.983 0);second, the S&TIE of B class universities was not necessarily inferior to that of A class universities; and the S&TIE of agricultural universities proved higher than that of comprehensive universities and engineering universities, while that of normal universities ranked last; meanwhile, the S&TIE of western universities appeared superior to that of eastern universities while that of universities in central China followed the last; finally, technology change efficiency proved a significant weakness to improve the S&TIE for all types of universities concerned in this paper, as well as their direction of further reform in the future.