Abstract: Under the existing institutional system, the implementation and guarantee of the consultation agreement on ecological and environmental damage compensation rely on the civil judicial confirmation system. There is a strong contrast between the public welfare attribute of ecological environmental benefits and the private interest attribute of civil rights. The construction of civil judicial confirmation system is based on private interests, which is difficult to meet the needs of ecological environmental benefits relief. Based on practical needs, the judicial confirmation system for ecological environmental damage compensation urgently needs to be established. In the process of institutional construction, it is necessary to clarify the differences between the judicial confirmation system for ecological environment damage compensation and the civil judicial confirmation system, grasp the public welfare attribute of ecological environment interests, and take better relief of damaged ecological environment interests as the fundamental pursuit. Based on professionalism, the core of the system should be constructed from five dimensions such as application methods and jurisdiction courts, in order to ensure the quality and efficiency of relief for damaged ecological environment interests.