Abstract: Resilience provides a new chance for the mobilization chain to deal with multiple types ofdisruptions.This paper, firstly, explained the connotation of the national economy mobilization chain from the aspects of subject and operational mechanism, and discussedits difference from commercial supply chain. Secondly, the essence of the national economy mobilization chain resilience was expounded. After that, the formation mechanism and mechanism of action of the national economy mobilization chain resilience weredemonstrated. Finally, the measurement method of the national economy mobilization chain resilience was proposed from discrete and continuous perspectives. The study found that the difference between national economy mobilization chain and commercial supply chain is mainly reflected in the risk level, demand mode, strategic objectives, components and operation methods. When the chain is affected and interrupted by disruptions,the national economy mobilization chain resilience is the ability to effectively cope with the uncertainty of the interrupt event and quickly return to the normal state or the ideal state. The national economy mobilization chain resilience has self-organization characteristics, whose action process mainly includes inspection, activation, response and learning.