社会影响方式对公众节能行为的干预效果——基于26项现场实验的元分析

    Intervention Effects of Different Social Influence Approach on the Public's Energy Conservation Behavior——A Meta-analysis on 26 Field Trials

    • 摘要: 运用元分析技术,对1976-2015年期间发表的26项关于社会影响与节能行为关系的现场实验研究进行综合定量检验,系统评价社会影响方式对节能行为的干预效果。采用校正的标准化均数差作为统一效应量,根据文献异质性检验结果,采取随机效应模型进行主效应检验和调节效应检验。结果显示:(1)总体而言,社会影响方式能够激励公众实施节能行为,主效应达到中等强度(d=0.487);(2)干预方式、干预时机、干预时长3个调节变量对社会影响与节能行为之间的关系具有显著的调节作用。在干预方式上,公开承诺和社会对比反馈的节能效果显著优于榜样示范和社会规范;在干预时机上,事后干预的节能效果显著优于事前干预;在干预时长上,持续1~3个月的干预策略效果最好;而干预频率的调节作用没有得到验证。元分析结果厘清了已有研究产生争议的原因,有利于政府及相关部门更好地制定引导公众节能行为的政策激励措施。

       

      Abstract: It continues with a meta-analysis of 26 published field trials about the relationship between social influence and energy saving behavior from 1976-2015 to test the intervention effect of different social influence methods on the habitual energy conservation behavior. The unified effect size is corrected standardized mean differences,according to the literature heterogeneity inspection results,it takes random effects model to test the main and adjustment effect. Results showed that:(1)social influence could encourage energy saving behavior effectively,and the effect size is moderate(d=0.487).(2)Intervention pattern,point and duration could adjust the effect intensity significantly. Comparing intervention patterns,public commitment and social comparative feedback is prior than modeling and social norms; Comparing intervention points,consequence intervention is superior to antecedent intervention; Intervention lasting 1-3 months got the best energy-saving effect by comparison of intervention duration,while the intervention frequency couldn't be supported as a adjusting factor. Meta-analysis results revealed that different social influence make effects diversity on the public's energy conservation behavior,provided useful information to policy makers for future policy formulations.

       

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