Abstract:
Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology is crucial to achieving “Carbon Peak and Neutrality Target”. Given the challenges of high cost and technology immaturity, the integrated CCUS technology, which has the advantages of integrating industry chain resources and reducing intermediate costs, has become the main option. Based on the progress of academic research and industrial applications, the status of integrated CCUS technology was investigated and reviewed in the present study, and then the technology readiness level, policy support and business model were evaluated comprehensively. The megaton integrated CCUS technology projects, CO
2 flooding-storage technology system, and the industrial clusters need to be focused on in the future. Based on the technology readiness level (TRL) analysis, it is found that technologies above TRL 6 will be mainly adopted before 2030, and technologies currently at TRL 4-5 and TRL 1-3 will be widely adopted during 2030—2045 and after 2045, respectively. In terms of policy support, direct economic support policies and multiple financing methods need to be proposed in the early stage, while from the medium to long-term perspective, the carbon market will take the lead and policies such as the extra electricity quota need to be implemented in coordination. In terms of business models, in the early stage, the state-owned enterprises that apply the vertical integration model need to play a leading role; in the early to mid-term stage, the joint venture model needs to be applied to guarantee the project development of enterprises with insufficient technology foundation; while from the medium to long-term perspective, the CO
2 transporter model and CCUS operator model will be applied successively to overcome the constraints such as geographical and resource endowment. The research results of the present study have important reference value for decision making to promote the development of integrated CCUS technology and then achieve its large-scale commercial application.