Abstract: The current international situation is complex and changeable, and China’s national security is faced with various threats and challenges. National economy mobilization, which serves the interests of national security and development, is also facing greater challenges. In the national economy system, central enterprises occupy a dominant position, and the construction of central enterprises mobilization system will undoubtedly contribute to the improvement of the overall capacity of national economy mobilization. Based on this, first of all, the characteristics of prominent leading position, great mobilization potential and irreplaceability of central enterprises, highlight the significant position of central enterprises in national economy mobilization. Secondly, the classification of central enterprises based on the satisfaction of mobilization demand is put forward, and the position of central enterprises of different industries in national economy mobilization is clarified. Next, the problems of imperfect systems and mechanisms, as well as incomplete policies and systems of the current central enterprises mobilization is pointed out. Finally, a two-tier organization and mobilization operation mechanism is established and the relationship among the central enterprises, the SASAC, the national economy mobilization office, and the industry departments of the central enterprises is clarified. In order to improve the national economy mobilization ability of the central enterprises, the idea of plan preparation is put forward.