Abstract: While making the travel more convenient,motor vehicle has brought us serious environmental pollution,for example noise pollution,air pollution,climate change,the occupation of land resources,etc. As for these four types of environmental pollution,with quantitative method,we measured the external cost of the motor vehicle in Beijing from 2006-2014. The result shows that the cost of environmental pollution caused by motor vehicle is not only influenced by the actual pollution and dose exposure rate,but also affected by opportunity costs,for instance the local cost of diseases,per capita income,the price of carbon tax,psychological expectation cost and so on. Different costs of pollution can be worked out by varied cost systems. Based on the local cost accounting system of Beijing,we figured out a slow increase in the total environmental cost of motor vehicle in Beijing since 2006,with an average annual growth rate of 6.7%. Among these types of pollution,the air pollution took up the highest proportion. The relative cost of pollution which resulted from motor vehicle has declined. The total environmental cost accounted for 0.56% in the GDP of that year and showed a downward trend since 2012. It reflects the positive effects of motor vehicle restrictive policies.Finally,from policy view, It is necessary for us to adopt a comprehensive approach to governance, including the use of technical means to improve vehicle exhaust emissions, install noise reduction equipment, regulate behavior, and strengthen the prediction of heavy pollution weather in order to control the external pollution of motor vehicles.