Abstract: As for the modular development feature of the new energy vehicle industry, dynamic game analysis was adopted to study the patent pool formation mechanism of vertically integrated enterprises and pure upstream R & D enterprises. In this paper, a three-stage dynamic game model was constructed. In the first stage, patent owners decided whether to form a patent pool. In the second stage, enterprises forecasted the response function of the industry output to the licensing rates according to the licensing mode. In the third stage, downstream manufacturing businesses entered the market, and simultaneously determined the output of the final product to maximize their profits. The results of game analysis show that both the vertical integration of enterprises or pure upstream R & D enterprises will get more ideal profits if they constitute a patent pool. At the same time, the formation of the patent pool will also increase the total output of the downstream market and decrease the prices of goods. The corresponding government departments can play a leading role in the rational allocation of licensing fees, scientific research cooperation and the construction of laws and regulations so as to promote the development and stable operation of the new energy vehicle industry patent pool.