Abstract: This paper examines the performance of economic growth of the cities in China under the circumstances of energy conservation and emission reduction. Based on the industrial data of gaseous, liquid and solid environments of 110 key cities in China from 2001 to 2010 and by adding the variates of the outputs and inputs of resources contamination and environmental pollution step-by-step, urban efficiency, productivity index and environmental productivity are measured using the slacks-based sequential directional distance function and Luenberger Productivity Index. Meanwhile, the current situation of industrial growths of Chinese cities is shown. The results demonstrate that: firstly, the average urban efficiency value is 0.705. Secondly, the productivity variation is 0.091, and after being disassembled on the basis of efficiency change and technical change, the values are 0.009 and 0.082 accordingly, showing that technical progress is the motivation to improve productivity, while resources and environmental management efficiency have no obvious boost on it. Thirdly, energy consumption, pollution emission and the investment of pollution regulation are the major factors affecting productivity measurement. At last, the pressure of emission reduction is far more serious than that of energy conservation in China.